Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis: Overview, Indications
May 14, 2024
HEALTH,INSIGHTSDreaming of building a family? Ever wished you could give your future children a head start on health? In this guide, we'll crack open the world of PGD, exploring its history and explore everything about it. Buckle up for a deep dive into this fascinating technology!
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) is a cutting-edge tool in reproductive medicine that analyzes the genes of embryos created through In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) to check for genetic conditions, helping couples facing the risk of hereditary diseases to pursue a healthy pregnancy.
What is Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis?
During In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) analyzes the genes of embryos to check for genetic conditions. It's like giving embryos a thumbs up for good health before they're implanted in the womb. This can help couples with a family history of genetic diseases increase their chances of having a healthy baby.
History and Development of PGD
The idea of PGD isn't brand new. Doctors even predicted it back in 1937, along with other advancements in reproductive medicine like IVF. Back then, the main focus was on identifying and avoiding embryos with sex-linked disorders. Over time, PGD has evolved to diagnose a wider range of genetic conditions and improve its overall effectiveness.
How Does PGD Work?
In IVF , doctors use PGD to check embryos for genetic disorders before they implant them in the uterus. Here's how it works:
- Ovarian Stimulation and Egg Collection: The woman takes medication to produce multiple eggs, which are then collected.
- Fertilization: The eggs are fertilized with sperm in a lab dish, usually using a method called Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI).
- Embryo Development: The fertilized eggs grow and divide, becoming embryos. After a few days, they reach a stage called blastocyst, which has about 6-8 cells.
- Embryo Biopsy: A small number of cells are taken from each embryo for genetic testing. This is done very carefully to avoid harming the embryo.
- Genetic Testing: The cells from the embryos are tested for genetic disorders or abnormalities. This can include checking for specific genetic mutations or screening for chromosome problems.
- Embryo Selection: Only embryos without the genetic condition or with normal chromosomes are selected for implantation. This increases the chances of a successful pregnancy and a healthy baby.
By using PGD, couples can reduce the risk of passing on certain genetic disorders to their children.
Indications for PGD: Who Can Benefit?
PGD isn't a one-size-fits-all solution, but it can be a powerful tool for couples facing specific challenges. Here's who might benefit most:
- Couples with a Family History of Genetic Diseases: If you and your partner carry a gene for a particular genetic condition, PGD can significantly increase your chances of having a healthy child.
- Recurrent Miscarriages: Repetitive pregnancy losses can be heartbreaking. PGD can help identify embryos with chromosomal anomalies, a potential cause of miscarriage, and improve pregnancy success rates.
- Advanced Maternal Age: As a woman's age increases, the risk of chromosomal anomalies in eggs rises. PGD can be an option for couples where the mother is of advanced maternal age to improve the chances of a healthy pregnancy.
- Unexplained Infertility: In some cases, infertility might have a genetic component. PGD can help identify embryos with chromosomal anomalies that could be hindering implantation.
- Prior Child with Chromosomal Abnormality: If you've already had a child with a chromosomal , anomaly, PGD can help prevent recurrence in future pregnancies.
Genetic Disorders Screened by PGD
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) can screen for a wide range of genetic disorders, including:
- Single-gene disorders: A mutation in a single gene causes these. Examples include cystic fibrosis, Tay-Sachs disease, sickle cell anemia, and Huntington's disease.
- Chromosomal disorders: An abnormal number of chromosomes causes these. Examples include Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, and Klinefelter syndrome.
- Mitochondrial disorders: Mutations in the DNA of mitochondria, the cell's energy centers, cause these. Examples include Leigh syndrome and MELAS syndrome.
PGD Success Rates
Studies suggest PGD can improve live birth rates, particularly for women over 37. A study published by InVia Fertility indicates a 43% increase in live births for women over 37 undergoing PGD cycles [1]. PGD may also decrease miscarriage rates. The same InVia Fertility study showed a 38% decrease in miscarriage risk for women aged 35-37 undergoing PGD cycles [1]. It's important to note there's no single, definitive success rate for PGD since it depends on individual circumstances. However, some clinics report success rates exceeding 50% for couples with favorable factors [2].
PGD Costs and Popular Countries
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) can be a significant financial investment.
Considering Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD)? Wupdoc can simplify your journey. Our platform offers an intuitive interface and a comprehensive database to connect you with leading PGD specialists and clinics around the world.
top 5 doctors & clinics in PGD - Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis, Turkey:
5.0Turkey, İstanbul
Fertility
Welcome to Jinepol Women's Health and IVF Clinic, a dedicated center offering comprehensive services in women's health and in vitro fertilization (IVF). Our clinic prides itself on fostering a close and warm patient-physician relationship, ensuring personalized care alongside high-level examinations and treatments.We specialize in advanced in vitro fertilization treatments, including microinjection methods like Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI), renowned for achieving high success rates in cases of infertility, particularly those attributed to male factors. Our commitment to your journey towards parenthood extends to employing the Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT), Method in IVF treatments, promoting healthy pregnancies and ensuring the birth of healthy babies.For individuals facing challenges in conceiving due to male infertility, our clinic offers the Micro TESE (Microsurgical Testicular Sperm Extraction) method, enabling the identification and extraction of healthy sperm from testicles under a microscope.At Jinepol, we prioritize your dream of achieving pregnancy through cutting-edge IVF treatments, providing tailored solutions and compassionate care. Contact us today to inquire about our IVF prices and take the first step towards realizing your aspirations of starting or expanding your family.
# 1
0.0Turkey, İstanbulBariatric Surgery,Fertility,Hair Loss,Organ Transplants,Plastic Surgery
DYD Clinic offers full-scope healthcare consultancy in Turkey, a top destination for medical tourism thanks to its expert physicians, advanced technology hospitals, and affordable treatment options. With modern facilities built using smart technologies and international quality standards, patients from around the world trust Turkey for safe and effective healthcare. DYD Clinic specializes in weight loss procedures, including gastric sleeve surgery, gastric bypass surgery, metabolic surgery, gastric balloon, and gastric botox treatments. Whether you're looking for long-term results or non-surgical options, DYD Clinic provides personalized guidance to help you choose the best treatment plan tailored to your health goals.
# 2
5.0Turkey, İstanbulFertility
Dr. Erbil Yağmur is a skilled specialist in obstetrics and gynecology, dedicated to providing comprehensive reproductive health services. With expertise in IVF treatment, infertility treatment, and ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection), he offers tailored solutions to help couples achieve their dream of parenthood. Dr. Yağmur also provides vaccination treatment and advanced genetic testing options such as PGD (Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis), PGT (Preimplantation Genetic Testing), and PGS (Preimplantation Genetic Screening). Committed to patient care and using the latest technology, Dr. Yağmur ensures that each patient receives the highest quality of medical support on their journey to parenthood.
# 3
5.0Turkey, İstanbulFertility
Prof. Dr. Remzi Abalı is a highly experienced Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialist who graduated from Istanbul University Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine in 1999. With a focus on fertility treatments, Prof. Dr. Abalı offers a range of advanced reproductive services including vaccination, preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), embryo transfer, and egg freezing. His expertise in fertility solutions helps individuals and couples achieve their dreams of starting a family. Prof. Dr. Abalı utilizes the latest techniques and technologies in reproductive medicine, providing personalized care to ensure the best possible outcomes for his patients. Whether it's fertility preservation or fertility treatments, Prof. Dr. Abalı's comprehensive approach ensures optimal results and patient satisfaction.
# 4
5.0Turkey, AydınFertility
Op. Dr. Adnan Özkutucu is a renowned specialist in Obstetrics and Gynecology, with a focus on IVF (Tube Baby) procedures. He offers a range of advanced reproductive techniques, including vaccination-IVF, aimed at assisting couples struggling with infertility. Dr. Özkutucu's expertise covers various aspects of infertility treatment, such as IUI (intrauterine insemination) and IVF applications, including IVF-ICSI. He also specializes in managing recurrent pregnancy loss and employs PGD (preimplantation genetic diagnosis) for the selection of genetically healthy embryos in IVF procedures. Dr. Özkutucu is experienced in Mini IVF, addressing the needs of patients requiring a gentler approach. For those experiencing recurrent IVF failures, he offers IMSI (Microscopic Sperm selection) to enhance the chances of success. Dr. Özkutucu utilizes Video Embryoscope time-lapse technology, providing a comprehensive and precise evaluation of embryo development. His dedication to cutting-edge techniques ensures that patients receive the most effective and personalized fertility care.
# 5
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